Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity is a method of executing operations to prevent digital thefts, robberies, and, cyber hacks. In this era, everything is under the connection of the digital web or connected through the internet, which means we can access possible data from a simple device to a big device. It makes our daily works are easy but someone may be watching us behind the wall of the digital system which means we will no longer able to hold our privacy to ourselves.
How does it work?
Cybersecurity is the term used in the telecommunication industry which is used to stop unauthorized access and illegal activities.
Cyber means information technology, and security means protecting the linkup or the connection. Cybersecurity means preventing and making our system protected.
If any system is corrupted by an unauthorized party then it is a security breach. Every attacker or hacker has a certain path or method to breach the system.
Cybersecurity gives us info related to possible loopholes, vulnerabilities, weak points, etc. It also gives hints related to the attacker’s motive what type of theft happens and whether It can be secure or not.
Cybersecurity works by implementing technical and organizational measures to protect against cyber threats. First, it provides the necessary skills like(attack mode, weak points, loopholes. etc.), what are the basic skills, tools, software(kali Linux, parrot, blackberry, etc),
what are firewalls, and how do intrusion detection and prevention systems work?
Firewalls:
A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
The primary goal of a firewall is to establish a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the Internet.
Firewalls can be implemented in both hardware and software forms and play a crucial role in preventing unauthorized access to sensitive information, blocking malicious activities, and safeguarding the integrity of a network.
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS):
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) are cybersecurity technologies designed to detect and respond to malicious activities within a computer network. These systems are essential components of a comprehensive cybersecurity strategy.
1. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS):
IDS are passive monitoring tools that analyze network or system activities to identify potential security incidents or policy violations.
They operate by examining network traffic patterns, log files, and system events, comparing them against known attack signatures or predefined rules.
When suspicious activity is detected, an IDS generates alerts or notifications to notify security personnel, enabling them to investigate and take appropriate action.
2. Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS):
IPS builds upon the capabilities of IDS but takes a more proactive approach by actively blocking or preventing identified threats in real-time.
In addition to monitoring and detecting, IPS can take automated actions, such as blocking specific IP addresses, quarantining malicious files, or modifying firewall rules to mitigate ongoing attacks.
IPS works by combining signature-based detection, anomaly detection, and heuristics to identify and thwart various types of cyber threats.
Common Cyber Threats:
1. Malware:
Malicious software designed to harm or exploit computer systems, including viruses, trojans, ransomware, and spyware.
2. Phishing:
Deceptive attempts to trick individuals into revealing sensitive information, often through fake emails, websites, or messages.
3. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS):
Overwhelming a target’s online service by flooding it with traffic, rendering it inaccessible to users.
4. Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) Attacks:
Intercepting and potentially altering communication between two parties without their knowledge.
5. SQL Injection:
Exploiting vulnerabilities in a website’s database to gain unauthorized access or manipulate data.
6. Zero-Day Exploits:
Attacks that target software vulnerabilities unknown to the software vendor, making them challenging to defend against.
7. Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs):
Long-term, targeted cyber attacks often carried out by nation-states or sophisticated cybercriminal groups.
8. Ransomware:
Malware that encrypts files or systems, demanding payment for their release.
9. Insider Threats:
Malicious actions or data breaches initiated by individuals within an organization, either intentionally or unintentionally.
10. Social Engineering:
Manipulating individuals into divulging confidential information through psychological manipulation.
11. IoT Exploitation:
Security vulnerabilities in Internet of Things (IoT) devices that can be exploited to gain unauthorized access or control.
12. Data Breaches:
Unauthorized access and exposure of sensitive or confidential data, often lead to identity theft or financial losses.
What are malware and worms and how do they work?
Malware and Worms:
Malware:
Malware, short for malicious software, refers to any software specifically designed to harm or exploit devices, networks, or users. Malware is a broad term encompassing various types of malicious code, including viruses, trojan horses, ransomware, spyware, and more.
Malicious actors deploy malware with the intent of compromising the security and integrity of computer systems, stealing sensitive information, disrupting operations, or gaining unauthorized access.
Common characteristics of malware include the ability to replicate, conceal its presence, and execute malicious actions without the user’s knowledge or consent.
Malware often spreads through infected files, email attachments, malicious websites, or compromised software.
Worms:
Worms are a specific type of malware that is designed to self-replicate and spread across computer networks without requiring any user interaction.
Unlike viruses, worms do not rely on host files or programs to propagate. Instead, they exploit vulnerabilities in network protocols or software applications to autonomously replicate and spread to other connected devices.
Key characteristics of worms include their ability to rapidly infect a large number of systems, causing widespread and fast-spreading infections.
Worms can carry payloads that range from simply replicating themselves to more malicious activities, such as installing other types of malware, stealing information, or creating backdoors for remote access.
How Malware and Worms Work:
1. Delivery:
Malware is often delivered through phishing emails, malicious links, infected websites, or compromised software downloads.
Worms can exploit vulnerabilities in network services or software to gain access to a system.
2. Infection:
Once delivered, malware infects the target system by exploiting vulnerabilities or tricking users into executing it.
Worms autonomously replicate and spread to other vulnerable systems, often using network connections.
3. Execution:
Malware executes its malicious payload, which may include actions like stealing sensitive data, encrypting files for ransom, or creating a backdoor for remote control.
Worms continue to spread and infect other systems, creating a self-propagating cycle.
4. Concealment:
Malware often attempts to hide its presence by disguising itself or employing techniques to evade detection by antivirus software.
Worms may use polymorphic code, which changes their appearance each time they replicate, making it challenging for security systems to identify and block them.
To defend against malware and worms, users and organizations should employ robust cybersecurity measures, such as regularly updating software, using antivirus software, practicing safe browsing habits, and implementing network security protocols to mitigate vulnerabilities.
What encryption, secure coding practices, and web application firewalls protect web-based applications and their underlying data?
Why this is needed?
Nowadays you guys are using your phone or laptop like your daily job or your daily routine. All the data of your social media(Facebook, Instagram, WeChat, etc), your Bank information, and personal info is staying with your phone. It makes a digital robber to snatch your life easily. so to prevent this type of problem. Cybersecurity is needed.
With the developing technology, cybersecurity is also used to make the system secure and check system faults to make the system more alert from this kind of damage
How to prevent hacking attacks?
Install authentic antivirus software, Do not use unnecessary browsing, Every week you must check your log records like Google browsing records, cookies, etc. Do not install unnecessary apps from the Play Store or any app stores, Do not use the Tor browser or any torrent browser on your phone, you must clean your cache files every day, Only believe in authentic links or sources, Do not download any files like videos, music, or apps from any source, If you install any apps or system then only take useful option not give them permission to collect the data, change the password of you system in every once/twice a months, set different character combination passwords, do not share your mail to unknown people.
Scope in Cybersecurity
The demand for cyber security is expected to rise as digital transactions, and payments, become more prevalent, according to Google records. Cybersecurity jobs are in high demand and the demand is expected to grow by 20% over the next few years. Cybersecurity involves protecting computer networks, and data from unauthorized access, use, or destruction.
According to the Market researcher, the scope of the security market will become $200 billion by 2024. Within a few years, cybersecurity professionals will dominate average IT professionals in terms of job opportunities. And the average salary gap across the gap is 11% to state the least. Due to the expansion of offline to online, all the activities, businesses, and works are now under cyber risks.
Job opportunities
IT Security Engineer, Cyber Analyst, Security Consultant, Information Security Auditor, System Security Engineer, Cryptographer, System Security Manager……etc.
What are the things required to become a cybersecurity expert?
learn programming language line (C/C++/C# language, python, java, complete Linux command prompts)
Tools required(Kali Linux, Metasploit, parrot, etc),
complete knowledge of IP/TCP,
Complete knowledge of all parts of the computer systems or fundamental,
Read all the techniques from books like(Hacking the Art of Exploitation, the hacker playbook, the web application, etc)
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